The Evaluation of Sleep Hygiene in Subacromial Impingement Syndrome: A Case Control Study

INTRODUCTION: The aim of our study is to evaluate the pain, function, and sleep quality of patients with Subacromial Impingement Syndrome (SIS) and to reveal the relationship of this situation with the presence of depression in patients with sleep disorders.
METHODS: Patients aged between 30-60 years with nocturnal shoulder pain who were diagnosed with SIS (SIS group) and healthy individuals (control group) whose age and gender were matched were included. The presence of SIS was confirmed with clinical evaluation and Subacromial Injection Test (SIT). Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at rest, during activity, and at night were recorded. Pain and disability of the shoulder were assessed by the Shoulder Disability Questionnaire and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI) were used to evaluate sleep quality. The diagnosis of depression was made according to the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).
RESULTS: Sleep quality assessed by PSQI total score and SHI were significantly decreased in the SIS group (p=0.010, p=0.017, respectively). The SIS group had significantly higher PSQI sleep latency and sleep disturbances scores (p=0.045, p=0.019, respectively). The SIS group had mild depression according to BDI (p=0.001). In the SIS group, PSQI subscores (sleep latency, sleep disturbances) and SHI score were moderately significantly correlated with BDI score (p<0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Sleep quality may deteriorate in SIS patients compared to the healthy control group. In these patients, there may be a relationship between some of the subscores showing the deterioration in sleep quality and depression.