Haydarpasa Numune Med J. Ahead of Print: HNHJ-64624 | DOI: 10.14744/hnhj.2024.64624

Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Biomarkers in COVID-19 Pneumonia

Hande Ikýtýmur¹, Ýlker Kolbas², Mahir Cengiz³, Serap Yavuzer³, Bilge Özgür Yksel¹, Ferhat Hanikoglu⁴, Ozcan EREL⁵, Funda Eren⁵, Mehmet sami Ýslamoglu^3
1Istanbul Aydýn University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Istanbul,Turkey
²Istanbul Aydýn University, Medical Faculty, Department Of Thoracic Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
³Istanbul Aydýn University, Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
⁴Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Medical Faculty, Department Of Biochemistry, Alanya, Turkey
⁵Ankara City Hospital, Department Of Central Biochemistry Laboratory, Ankara, Turkey

INTRODUCTION: SARS-CoV-2 causes severe lung damage and respiratory failure through oxidative stress. Biomarkers play role in inflammation, in revealing the effects of oxidative stress and in the regulation of treatment. The aim of our study was to reveal oxidative stress in COVID-19 patients by determining oxidative biomarkers, and to examine the relationship of these parameters with lung involvement.
METHODS: The prospectively designed study included 45 patients hospitalised with the diagnosis of COVID-19 and 38 healthy controls. Total thiol, native thiol, disulfide, myeloperoxidase, ischaemia-modified albumin and acute phase reactant levels to determine oxidative stress and inflammation were compared between the groups. Thorax tomography scoring was performed to determine the severity of pneumonia. The association of oxidative biomarkers with length of hospital stay and radiological score was evaluated.
RESULTS: We found that native thiol and total thiol levels decreased and disulfide and myeloperoxidase levels increased in COVID-19 patients compared to the control group. A negative correlation was found between the duration of hospitalisation and native thiol and total thiol levels (r = -0.312, p = 0.043; r = - 0.309, p = 0.049). Native thiol and total thiol were negatively correlated with lung involvement on thorax tomography (r = -0.450 p = 0.002; r = - 0.436 p = 0.003). MPO level was positively correlated with the duration of hospitalisation (r= 0.317, p= 0.034).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: These oxidative/inflammatory parameters play an important role in the lung involvement and disease monitoring of COVID-19 patients and can be used in the management of patients.

Keywords: COVID-19, pneumonia, oxidative stress, thiol, myeloperoxidase

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Covid-19 Pnömonisinde Oksidatif Stres Ve Ýnflamatuar parametrelerin Rolü

Hande Ikýtýmur¹, Ýlker Kolbas², Mahir Cengiz³, Serap Yavuzer³, Bilge Özgür Yksel¹, Ferhat Hanikoglu⁴, Ozcan EREL⁵, Funda Eren⁵, Mehmet sami Ýslamoglu^3
1Ýstanbul Aydýn Üniversitesi, Týp Fakültesi, Göðüs Hastalýklarý A. D., Ýstanbul, Türkiye
²Ýstanbul Aydýn Üniversitesi, Týp Fakültesi, Göðüs Cerrahisi A. D., Ýstanbul, Türkiye
³Ýstanbul Aydýn Üniversitesi, Týp Fakültesi, Dahiliye A. D., Ýstanbul, Türkiye
⁴Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi, Týp Fakültesi, Biyokimya A. D., Alanya, Türkiye
⁵Ankara Þehir Hastanesi, Merkez Biyokimya Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye

GÝRÝÞ ve AMAÇ: SARS-CoV-2, oksidatif stres oluþturarak ciddi akciðer hasarý ve solunum yetmezliðine neden olur. Biyomarkýr, inflamasyon ve oksidatif stresin etkilerinin deðerlendirilmesinde ve tedavinin düzenlenmesinde rol alýrlar. Çalýþmamýzýn amacý oksidatif biyomarkýrlarý belirleyerek COVID-19 hastalarýnda oksidatif stresi deðerlendirmek ve bu parametrelerin akciðer tutulumu ile iliþkisini incelemektir.
YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Prospektif olarak tasarlanan çalýþmaya COVID-19 tanýsý ile hastaneye yatan 45 ve 38 saðlýklý hasta alýndý. Oksidatif stres ve inflamasyonu belirlemek için total tiyol, dinamik tiyol, disülfid, miyeloperoksidaz, iskemik modifiye albümin ve akut faz reaktan seviyeleri gruplar arasýnda karþýlaþtýrýldý. Pnömoni þiddetini belirlemek için toraks tomografisi skorlamasý yapýldý. Oksidatif biyomarkýrlarýn hastanede kalýþ süresi ve radyolojik skor ile iliþkisi deðerlendirildi.
BULGULAR: COVID-19 hastalarýnda kontrol grubuna göre dinamik tiyol ve total tiyol düzeylerinin düþtüðünü, disülfit ve miyeloperoksidaz düzeylerinin arttýðýný bulduk. Hastanede yatýþ süresi ile dinamik tiyol ve total tiyol düzeyleri arasýnda negatif korelasyon bulundu (r = -0,312, p = 0,043; r = - 0,309, p = 0,049). Dinamik tiyol ve total tiyol, toraks tomografisinde akciðer tutulumu ile negatif korelasyon gösterdi (r = -0,450 p = 0,002; r = - 0,436 p = 0,003). MPO düzeyi hastanede yatýþ süresi ile pozitif korelasyon gösterdi (r= 0,317, p= 0,034).

TARTIÞMA ve SONUÇ: Oksidatif/inflamatuar parametreler, COVID-19 hastalarýnýn akciðer tutulumunda ve hastalýk takibinde önemli rol oynar ve hastalarýn yönetiminde kullanýlabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19, pnömoni, oksidatif stres, tiyol, miyeloperoksidaz

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